Biodiversity and Forests Essay Example for Free

Biodiversity and Forests EssayProtection and conservation of woodlands and hazardouslife atomic number 18 essential to maintain the earths health and purlieu. The earth is the only known living artificial satellite and it is because of its special environment and ecology which be life-supporting. Forests argon part and parcel of our environment. They are one of the much or less valuable resources and gifts of nature. They play a key role in the maintenance climate, rain-patterns, water and soil conservation. They are the natural home of oft type- of animals, birds, reptiles, insects etc. They supply tint, fuel, medicines, and wood for peeper-pulp and raw materials for many industries. The increasing depletion and desolation of wildlife is a source of great concern. One out of e re tout ensembley seven persons of the world live in India. India has 16 per cent of the worlds population with only 2. 4 percent of its land area. there is much pressure on our natural resour ces including forests. In these times of increasing consumerism and nature- hostile activities, the forest-cover is depleting and deteriorating very fast.The conservation of wildlife which includes native plants and animals, depends on protection of forests. foolishlife is the direct product of the land resources and habitat conditions. The neglect of forests moans the destruction of the wild animals. Wildlife, like we human beings, need food, water, and shelter. Destruction of forests, wetlands, marshes, points, grasslands etc. eliminates their sources of food, water and habitat. The National wildlife action Plan launched in 1983 provides the framework of strategy as well as programme for conservation of wildlife.The protected area interlocking till 1 993 consisted of 75 national parks and 421 sanctuaries covering 4. 5 per cent of the total geographical area, which was proposed to be increased to 5. 1 per cent. The wildlife protection Act, 1972 governs wildlife conservation and protection of endangered species. The Act prohibits trade in rare and endangered species. India is a signatory to the Convention on International Trade of threaten species of Wild Flora and Fauna. Under this export or import of these endangered species is subject to strict control. Commercial using such species is prohibited.The Wild Life Protection Act, 1972 has been suitably amended to make the provisions more effective. Endangered species of plants and animals have been brought under the purview of ten acts. India is very rich both in flora and wolf but many plant and animal species are already extinct and many other(a) are on the road to extinction. In spite of various acts and rules- regulations against exploitation of wildlife, the real conservation has one of the study wildlife producer counties of the world and yet there is a skeleton staff to safeguard the interests of wildlife.Poachers are on the prowl even in sanctuaries and protected forest areas. They have become f ertile hunting intellect for illegal hunting and killing of animals. The rich and influential people and traders in, animal-skins, horns, etc. have been indulging in hunting, killing and trading of wildlife with impunity. They carry telescopic rifles and other weapons, use traps and poison food and kill the animals. As a result of ecological imbalances and depleting forest-cover, the wild animals come out at night in hunt of food in the hamlets and attack human beings and domestic animals and fowls.In some parts of Uttar Pradesh the hyena and wolf-menace was very much in the news. Many children were killed by the wolves and hyenas. Similarly, in Pauri Garwal district of UP some leopards turned into man-eaters. face up with the scarcity of animals for prey in the forest and continuing attacks from poachers, they become man- eaters. And once a man-eater is invariably a man- eater because man is the softest target. On many an occasion, the villagers injure more animals then they ki ll and so the injured animals turn into man-eaters and attack villages at night for food.When a human kill takes place, every leopard or tiger is regarded as man-eater and there is indiscriminate killing consequently, the number of these felines is decreasing fast. Thousands of snails, frog, rats, earthworms, cockroaches and other animals are killed for dissection in schools, colleges and laboratories for experiments. Snakes are also killed indiscriminately out of ignorance as greed. This destroys and disturbs the fragile ecological balance. Tigers are subjected to upper limit brutality by man, the most intelligent and evolved animal on the earth. There is mindless destruction of forests for timber, firewood and fuel. any year there is a loss of about 1. 3 hectares of forest area in India because of heavy(p) and indiscriminate clearing of forests for cultivation, quarrying and large dams and irrigation projects. Then there is intensive and indiscriminate logging for moneymaking(pr enominal) purposes by contractors and timber-merchants. Over-grazing has also taken its toll. The result is serious ecological imbalance and environment degradation. There is much pressure on forests and the relation between men and forests has reached the lowest depth. Conservation of forests and wildlife is also important from esthete point of view.They make life beautiful and colourful. Without them human life will lose much of its beauty, tour and meaning. Their proper protection and conservation also means a continuous and adequate supply of food, fodder, medicines, timber etc. Forests and wildlife and renewable resources which need to be diligently protected, preserved and increased in a plan way. There is a need to spread the a state of wareness about forest and wildlife conservation. Social forestry can be taught in schools as a subject. More and more trees should be planted, protected and seen growing and maturing.There should be a ban on mobile zoos and animal rights ac tivists should come forward to wage a war on behalf of the mute and innocent animals. The destruction and degradation of forests in upper reigns like Himalayas causes such other ruins as erosion of top soil erratic rainfall, and recurring floods. Deforestation is a great fond and national evil and should be checked on priority basis. It results in loss of productivity and environment degradation among much other harm. Encroachment on forests should also be checked and, if possible, banned, Non government agencies, village communities trials etc. hould be involved in social forestry and regeneration of degraded forest lands. They should be allowed to share the benefits of these schemes in a judicious manner.The forest and wildlife conservation laws should be made more stringent and practiced scrupulously. Veerappans continued bloody trade in ivory and sandalwood trade upsets all concerned. Throughout the Nilgiris, it is now almost impossible to spot a large tusker. The full blown d ishonour on forest and wildlife saddens all the Indians and wildlife lovers in foreign countries.